英语强调句考点面面观
摘要:强调句一直都是英语考试的重点内容。本文对英语强调句的各种句型进行了具体介绍,以促进学生对强调句的学习。
关键词:英语强调句;句型;特殊句式;举例分析
强调句型是高中英语中一个重要的语法项目,因为其实用性强,易与其他句型结合,易于创新,因而受到命题者的青睐,几乎每年高考都要涉及,是高考重要考点之一。句型结构:It is / was + 被强调部分+ that / who +句子剩余部分…
本文我们着重探讨该句型的创新变化形式。随着高考考点的不断深入变化,该句型总是以新的面孔出现,或本身发生变化,或与其他句式结构相结合,然而万变不离其宗,总是脱不掉it,be,that/who这一框架结构。笔者结合近几年有关高考题的特点,将其变化形式归纳如下:
一、强调句型的一般疑问句形式
句式特征:Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ that…
1.(1994 上海)Was it in 1969 ____ the American astronauts succeeded ___ landing on the moon ?
A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in
简析:比较It was in 1969 that the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon 我们不难看出该题干实质上是该陈述句的一般疑问句形式。答案选D。
2.Could it be in the restaurant in ____ you had dinner with me yesterday ____ you lost your handbag?
A. that; which B. which; that C. where; that D. that; where
这是一个含有情态动词的强调句型的一般疑问句形式,第一空格所在的句子成分应为定语从句,结合介词in应用关系代词which;第二个空格所在部分应为强调句型中的that分句。故答案为B。
二、结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式
句式特征:特殊疑问词+is/was it that…?
1._______ is it _______has made Peter _______he is today?
A. What; that; that B. That; that; what
C. What; what; that D. What; that; what
简析:本题结构复杂,乍看难以理清,请看下面两句:It is determination that has made Peter what he is today.对划线部分提问→What is it that has made Peter what he is today?
对照原题,则答案为D。
三、 强调句型的反意疑问句形式
句式特征为:It is/was+被强调部分+that…,isn’t / wasn’t it?
1.It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, ______?
A. do they B. didn’t they C. wasn’t it D. was it
简析:答案C. 此种情况下疑问句中的主语应与强调句型中的主语it保持一致,不能和被强调部分中的名词或代词保持一致,并要遵守“前肯定后否定”的原则。
四、强调句型的感叹句形式
句式特征为:what/ how … it is (that) +主语+谓语!
1.What a beautiful picture it is (that) you have drawn!
2.How beautiful it is (that) your daughter is!
五、强调句型的“让步含义”
句式特征为:含有“让步含义”的强调句型在翻译成汉语时要注意“反译”。
1.It is a wise father that knows his own child.
再英明的父亲也不会理解他自己的子女。(莎士比亚名言)